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The following calculations are used in this test:
Hydraulic Gradient
i = Δh / L
where,
i = Hydraulic gradient
Δh = Difference in manometer levels
L = Manometer tap distance
Discharge Velocity
v = (Mw - Mc) / t / (π * D2 / 4) Water collected measured by mass
v = Vc / t / (π * D2 / 4) Water collected measured by volume
where,
v = Discharge velocity
Vc = Volume of water collected
Mw = Mass of container and water collected
Mc = Mass of container
t = Sampling duration
D = Specimen diameter
Hydraulic Conductivity
k = v / i
where,
KT = Hydraulic conductivity