| Formulation | Analytical 1.5D transport | Analytical 2D transport |
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| Primary strength | Detailed layered and engineered-barrier assessment | Spatial plume behavior and interacting sources |
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| Transport direction | Predominantly vertical with limited lateral representation | Explicit vertical and horizontal migration |
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| Sources | Detailed finite, time-varying and engineering source options | Multiple spatially distributed surface or buried sources |
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| Subsurface | Layered soils, aquifers, aquitards and barriers | Layered, heterogeneous and fractured spatial domains |
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| Landfill systems | Extensive liner, geomembrane, leakage and collection-system features | Multiple cells, liner systems and spatial interaction |
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| Outputs | Concentration and mass versus time or depth | Time, depth, distance, mass and 2D spatial distributions |
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| Best starting point | Layered design, screening and rapid scenario comparison | Complex sites where lateral position changes the prediction |
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